All tumoral diseases, brain tumors approximately 5% of generates. Include various types of brain tumors. Some brain tumors can be benign slow-growing low detailed X-rays (benign), and some brain tumors are malignant-fertile-radiating-cell high-grade (malignant) of the character is. The skull and brain tumors (brain-cerebellum-brain her cell-nerves, etc.) that develop from the structure of tumors (brain tumors) or from the other organs of the body or blood into the skull tumors spread through the neighborhood (secondary or metastatic tumors) can be.
The lower part of the cerebellum of brain tumors in children and more of the brain region (infratentoryal) is located in.
In adults, the upper part of the region of the brain (supratentorial) is located in.
The most common tumors in children, brain stem, cerebellum and optic nerve gliomas, and teratomalar kraniofaringio is of congenital origin.
Adult and middle-aged brain tissue developing glial tumor, cerebral origin of meningioma, acoustic neuroma and nerve sheath tumors of the pituitary gland origin are common.
In advanced age the majority of metastatic tumors that spread to the brain from other organs are in.
Symptoms Of Brain Tumors
Brain tumors in the brain, settlements, according to their types and sizes give different results. Headache, nausea, vomiting, signs of increased intracranial pressure are the most common symptoms.
- Ongoing worsening headache in the morning,and within a day,
- Seizures
- Nausea and vomiting
- Numbness or weakness in the arms and legs,
- Difficulty walking, balance disorder
- Changes in vision and/or abnormal eye movements,
- Insomnia
- Personality changes, and memory
- Speech changes
These changes are another problem, as it is in brain tumors may occur depending on
Diagnosis Of Brain Tumors
Firstly, the complaints questioned in detail, family history and a complete physical examination is required. After a detailed examination of the general, “neurological examination” should be carried out. Insomnia, whether it is the strength of Nov, coordinated movements of the muscles, reflexes, and response to pain should be examined. Eye movements should also be thoroughly examined. Depending on the results of physical and neurological examinations, the following “radiological examination”may include one or more of:
Audits Of A Brain Tumor
- Computerized tomography scans
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)examination, MR-angiography, MR-Spectroscopy, diffusion MRI, Functional MRI, MRTraktografi
- Cerebral angiography,
- Positron emission tomography (PET), SPECT
- Electroencephalography (EEG)
The Treatment Of Brain Tumors
The treatment of brain tumors depends on many factors. Of brain tumor type, location, size of the tumor and the general health; choosing the method of treatment is important. The method of treatment for children and adults and the implementation is different.
In the treatment of brain tumors; “Surgery”, “Radiotherapy”, and “Chemotherapy” can be used. The type of surgery, and the location is decided according to the diameter of the tumor. Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. With the use of anticancer drugs is called chemotherapy. In some cases these tumors separately, some patients are used in conjunction.
In the treatment of brain tumors; brain surgeon, “X-ray”, “ " watchful waiting”, a physical therapist, speech therapist, and dietitian should include.
Before starting treatment, patients in order to prevent brain edema “steroids”, to control or prevent seizures, anti-seizure drugs are given. Brain brain-clogging waterways malabsorption or increased the expansion of roads has hydrocephalus, which means water if the shunt can be installed.
Surgical Treatment Of Brain Tumors.
Brain tumor is the mainstay of treatment. The goal is complete removal of the tumor without damaging normal brain tissue. Should remove the tumor as much as possible. For this purpose, microsurgery, endoscopy, mapping, awake surgery, such as surgery technological methods to support navigation and position location of the tumor in addition to can be used.
However, the tumor cannot be removed if the difficult of brain tissue damage, an amount can be left. For pathological diagnosis of the tumor and increased intracranial pressure due to Mass Effect and accordingly decrease the findings to correct as much as possible by reducing the size of the tumor in order to increase the impact of other treatment methods partial tumor removal can be performed. Part of the tumor can't be removed and the remaining portion in the brain that reduce the symptoms of pressure radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy can be treated with.
Biopsy
The biopsy of the tumor and the pathological diagnosis can be made by taking a very small part to elect a form of treatment helps.
Radiation Therapy For Brain Tumors
Radiotherapy, radioactive rays with the help of a powerful patron to stop the growth of cancer cells and the damage it is. This brain tumor is the mainstay of treatment. For the treatment of tumor tissue remaining after surgery, or surgery is used if it does not work.
External radiation therapy: Large appliances with the help of external beam therapy. 5-6 weeks is given to be 5 days a week. Treatment scheme depends on the type and diameter of the tumor and the settlement of the disease.
Brachytherapy: By placing radioactive material directly into the tumor treatment. The implant is left in the brain for a short period or permanently. Implant, each day a quantity of beam through a grant treats.
Stereotactic radyosirurji: Especially for small tumors located deep in a method that is implemented. The location of the tumor, or SA has been detected by MRI once the target point at multiple different angles and beam to focus on a form of treatment given.
Chemotherapy For Brain Tumors
Chemotherapy to kill cancer cells. One or more drugs may be used in combination. Usually, the oral route is given through a vein or into the Nov. Of chemotherapy, the cerebrospinal fluid into direct provision “the IS called intrathecal chemotherapy.
21-28 days and usually by repeating chemotherapy is applied. If the patient can receive chemotherapy, if need setup, instead of getting the type of tumor, age of the patient and the overall condition is decided by looking at.
Cancer treatment the tumor is not completely removed, but sometimes healthy cells may also be damaged. Therefore, most patients are faced with side effects during treatment. Side effects; and this depends on the type of treatment and the treated area may differ according to the person. Selects the treatment plan that will minimize the side effects the patient to the doctor. These side effects usually ends with the end of treatment.
Depending on normal brain tissue damage during surgical treatment, weakness, coordination disorder, personality changes, there may be difficulties in speech and thinking. Patients may experience a seizure. The side effects worsens, immediately after surgery, but will disappear in the coming days.
Radiotherapy in pediatric patients; learning difficulties, visual impairment, growth-developmental delay.
Certain Brain Tumors
Glial tumors: Glial tumors, brain tumor of 45-50% make up. The brain's glial cells are support cells which are composed of. Infiltre are into the brain. The boundaries are not obvious. Astrocytoma astrocytomas, Glioblastomas, I oligodenrdroglio, such as ependymoma can be found in different pathological types. In the treatment of pathological staging is important. S of them Glioblastomas (GBM), the most malignant of the body malignant (cancerous) tumor. All glial tumors 40-50% of make up. In the age of 50-60 are frequent. Exhibit rapid growth.
Meningiomas: All intracranial tumors constitute 20% of. Most commonly seen at 40-60 years. Women 2 times is more stringent. Meningioma structure, which is called the arachnoid Spider originate from the reticular formation. Benign (benign) tumor. The head with the impact they show signs. The settlement is important. The precise parts of the brain contains the danger Qaeda and the built-in ones.
Pituitary Tumors: All intracranial tumors and 5% of generates. Are caused by frontal lobe of the pituitary gland (target tissue tumors) are rare and usually benign character. Headache, visual field loss by creating the head of the nerve of the eye, excessive hormone secretion by suppressing the pituitary gland or the effects of endocrine disorders can create.
Nerve sheath tumors: All intracranial tumors and 6% of generates. They take origin from the brain from the nerve sheath. Vestibular vestibular schwannoma (hearing-ear balance) originate from the nerve sheath. Benign. Women fuck. Headache, hearing loss, imbalance, and in the face numbness, pain, facial paralysis, in the halves of the body against the paralysis, difficulty in swallowing may show findings.
Metastatic Tumors: Of all brain tumors and 30% generates. Any malignant tumor can metastasize to the brain. Malignant melanoma is the most common, AC, breast, colon and kidney cancers metastasize to the brain does. 50 %multipldir metastasis.
Risk Factors Of Brain Tumors
AgeBrain tumors can occur at any age, although it is more common in general adult and old age. Some tumor types are more commonly seen in childhood.
Chemical substances: Solvents, insecticides, and petroleum by-products, toxic substances known to increase the risk of developing a brain tumor.
Radiation: High-dose radiation exposure increases the risk of brain tumor.
Electromagnetic fields: High-voltage power lines, base stations, mobile phones, microwave ovens, etc prolonged exposure to high electromagnetic effects, such as brain tumor formation, although it is believed to increase the risk has not been fully proven yet.
Genetic factors: Some of the type of brain tumor some genetically transmitted diseases (E.g., norofibramatozis, tuberous sclerosis, Von Hippell Lindau disease, Turcot's syndrome, etc.) can be determined.
N-Nitroso products: Some processed products containing nitrite and nitrate in foods, cigarettes, etc, it is considered that the risk of certain cosmetics.
Infection, viruses and allergens: Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, viral agents, such as some brain showed that there is a role in tumor formation.
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